SD-WAN | What is SD-WAN and How Does it Work? | Palo Alto Networks
SD-WAN (software-defined wide area network) is a type of networking technology that uses software-defined networking (SDN) principles to manage and optimize the performance of wide area networks (WANs). It enables organizations to securely connect users, applications and data across multiple locations while providing improved performance, reliability and scalability. SD-WAN also simplifies the management of WANs by providing centralized control and visibility over the entire network.
How Does SD-WAN Work?
SD-WAN is a virtualized service that connects and extends enterprise networks over large geographical distances. WANs use links such as multiprotocol label switching (MPLS), wireless, broadband, virtual private networks (VPNs) and the internet to give users in branch and remote offices access to corporate applications, services and resources, allowing them to work regardless of location. SD-WAN also monitors the performance of WAN connections and manages traffic in an effort to maintain high speeds and optimize connectivity.
Traditional WANs use legacy routers to connect remote users to applications hosted in data centers. A router is mostly command line interface (CLI) driven. To define where and how the data egresses a branch network utilizing traditional WAN, network engineers and administrators must manually write rules and policies. Such procedures are frequently time-consuming and error-prone.
SD-WAN is designed to solve the multiple challenges associated with traditional WAN, allowing networking professionals a simpler way to optimize and secure WAN connectivity. SD-WAN is based on software rather than hardware and is configured to handle different kinds of traffic and conditions in real-time. It can adapt quickly to changing situations and offer better security and reliability than traditional WANs.
SD-WAN uses a centralized control plane to route traffic, allowing administrators to write rules and policies and deploy them across an entire network at once.
Control is detached from the hardware to simplify network management and enhance service delivery. SD-WAN appliances obey operational regulations passed down from the central SD-WAN controller. This significantly reduces or eliminates the need to manage gateways and routers individually.
SD-WAN gateways support hybrid WAN, which means that each branch appliance can support multiple connections via various means of transport, such as MPLS, broadband internet, LTE and so on. For security reasons, a virtual private network (VPN) is typically installed across each WAN connection.
By allowing the WAN to use a variety of different connection types (including LTE, MPLS, and broadband internet) interchangeably, network bandwidth is increased, as is performance and redundancy, allowing for centralized management and administration. Individual gateway and router management is greatly reduced or eliminated when operational policies and rules are passed down across an entire network at the same time.
Discover how SD-WAN multi-cloud extends the virtualized network connections, optimizing application performance and user experience: What is SD-WAN Multicloud?
What Are the Main Components of SD-WAN?
Flexible WAN Connectivity
Flexible WAN connectivity allows for the efficient use of bandwidth between sites and the data center by reducing latency, increasing throughput and improving reliability, using multiple routes—all of which help reduce costs. This allows companies to access their network from anywhere using any device or operating system with an internet connection. If you're away from your office or on the road and need access to your company's servers or databases, SD-WAN will help you do so securely.
Secure Connectivity
Secure connectivity ensures that traffic is encrypted between sites so no one can eavesdrop on it. This is important because all data transmitted over the internet—even if it's just in an email—is vulnerable to being intercepted and read by someone else, who could use that information against you or your company.
Secure connectivity means that the data you send through your SD-WAN is encrypted in such a way that only you can access it—even if someone were able to intercept it while it travels across the internet. This is particularly important when sending sensitive information like credit card numbers or personal health records over public networks like Wi-Fi hotspots at hotels or cafes where anyone could be listening in on your conversation.
Discover how SD-WAN’s efficient and secure network infrastructure can handle the increasing volume of data generated by IoT devices: How SD-WAN Helps Today’s IoT.
Application Optimization
Application optimization is a key component of SD-WAN. This feature enables you to optimize applications that have been identified as being sensitive to latency and packet loss. For example, if you’re running a VoIP call over the internet, application optimization can help ensure that your calls are always connected and clear.
Application optimization ensures that applications can run smoothly even when they need more bandwidth than normal. That way, users won't experience any issues while they're working remotely from home or while traveling abroad on business trips because their connection isn't reliable enough to handle their needs without slowing down or dropping out altogether.
With application optimization, you can choose whether to optimize all applications or just those that have been identified as sensitive to latency and packet loss. If you choose the latter option, then only those applications will be optimized.
What Are the Benefits of SD-WAN?
Businesses that prioritize the cloud can employ an SD-WAN to give users a better application quality of experience (QoEx). While making sure that apps get the QoS and security policies they require, an SD-WAN gives WAN connections insight. With the greatest levels of cloud performance, secure access to cloud resources is made possible by a working local internet breakout of IaaS and SaaS application traffic from the branch office. While doing so, enterprise networks are kept safe.
SD-WAN technology is ideal for small and mid-size businesses with limited budgets, allowing for access to all of the benefits of a large enterprise network without having to pay top dollar. SD-WAN also offers a number of benefits to large distributed organizations with branch offices located all over the world.
Operational Simplicity
Because each device is centrally managed, with routing based on application policies, network administrators can create and update security rules in real time as network requirements change. By combining SD-WAN with zero-touch provisioning — which helps automate deployment and configuration processes — organizations can further reduce the complexity, resources and opex required to stand up new sites.
Find out how SD-WAN Automation simplifies network operations.
Carrier-Independent WAN connectivity
SD-WAN allows for use of multiple internet service providers (ISPs) depending on where you are located or the best price available at the time. You can also choose which ISP you want to use in each location, so if one goes down or has problems connecting, your network won't be affected.
Improved Performance
SD-WAN allows automatic provisioning of application policies that align to business intent. Intelligently steering traffic based on service level agreements (SLAs), SD-WAN ensures application performance is maintained, while continuously measuring WAN performance. Such a proactive approach enables SD-WAN to remediate performance degradation by failing over to better-performing WAN links.
Cost Savings
Network administrators can scale up or down their WAN connections based on actual demand. Network administrators can supplement or substitute expensive MPLS with broadband connectivity options. This also reduces the amount of capital expenditure required by eliminating unused capacity at any given time. Because it's easier to manage than traditional networks (since it requires less configuration), there are fewer ongoing costs associated with maintenance and support.
Improved Connectivity
By allowing efficient access to cloud-based resources without the need to backhaul traffic to centralized locations, organizations can provide a better user experience. Static routes are replaced with dynamic ones that adapt to changing network conditions in real time, which means there's no lag between the source and destination when sending files or video streams over long distances.
Increased Security
With software-defined networking, you can protect your network from external threats like DDoS attacks and malware. You can also prevent internal threats like hacking or data theft by only allowing authorized devices onto your network. This means that if someone tries to get into your system from an unapproved location, they'll just be blocked out automatically.
Improved Reliability
With SD-WAN, you can ensure that all of your data stays connected regardless of internet connectivity or physical location. Your employees will always have access to their data no matter what happens with their internet connection or cellular service — and they'll never have to worry about missing important emails or calls because they forgot their phone at home!
How SD-WAN Helps Today’s IoT
SD-WAN is transforming network architectures and is also playing a crucial role in the growing ecosystem of Internet of Things (IoT). SD-WAN benefits IoT in the following ways:
- Better Performance: SD-WAN uses a centralized control function to intelligently direct traffic across the WAN.
- Improved Security: SD-WAN can enhance security by segmenting the network.
- Scalability: As businesses deploy more IoT devices, SD-WAN can easily accommodate increased traffic and more devices.
- Cost-Effectiveness: With SD-WAN, businesses can use a combination of network services (like MPLS, 4G/5G, or broadband) based on their needs.
- Simplified Management: SD-WAN simplifies the task of network management.
- Quality of Service (QoS): SD-WAN allows for policies to prioritize certain types of traffic over others.
- Better Visibility: SD-WAN provides improved visibility into network performance and traffic patterns.
SD-WAN provides a flexible, scalable, and secure solution for managing the increased network traffic and complexity that comes with IoT. By improving performance and visibility, while also reducing costs, SD-WAN is an essential tool for businesses looking to leverage the power of IoT.
Take a deep dive into how SD-WAN can leverage the power of IoT by reading our article, How SD-WAN Helps Today’s Internet of Things (IoT).
SD-WAN vs. MPLS
SD-WAN makes it easier to manage and direct traffic across a network. With traditional networking approaches like MPLS, traffic created in the branch is returned, or “backhauled,” to a centralized internet security point in a headquarters data center. Backhauling traffic can lower application performance, which hinders productivity and the user experience.
Learn more about how SD-WAN differs from traditional MPLS.
Because MPLS networks are private networks built for one given organization, they are considered reliable and secure, but they are expensive. Moreover, MPLS is not designed to handle the high volumes of WAN traffic that result from software-as-a-service (SaaS) applications and cloud adoption.
Compared to traditional WANs, SD-WANs can manage multiple types of connections, including MPLS, broadband, LTE and others, as well as support applications hosted in data centers, public and private clouds, and SaaS services. SD-WAN can route application traffic over the best path in real-time. In the case of cloud, SD-WAN can forward internet- and cloud-bound traffic directly out to the branch without backhauling.
Compare SD-WAN vs MPLS vs Internet: What’s the Difference? Which is Right for Your Organization?
SD-WAN vs. VPN
VPNs are a great cost-effective solution for organizations that support remote working (i.e., work from home). VPNs secure remote workforces by providing a secure connection to the organization’s network. However, VPNs can’t match up to SD-WAN in cost, performance or reliability. When scaling a large remote workforce, the complexity and latency of a VPN outweigh the cost benefits. SD-WAN offers optimized performance features like the quality of service (QoS) and application routing, embracing the cloud in a way that’s impossible with VPN. Whereas VPNs rely on the public internet for speed and bandwidth, SD-WANs offer enterprises the comfort of service-level agreements (SLAs) for performance.
Dig deeper into how SD-WAN and VPN compare by reading our article, SD-WAN vs. VPN: How Do They Compare?
SD-WAN vs. SASE: What’s the Difference?
SD-WAN streamlines WAN connections by decoupling hardware from its control functions and offers capabilities such as dynamic routing and unified management. It efficiently links remote locations, yet typically needs supplementary security measures.
Conversely, SASE fuses WAN services with all-encompassing cloud security. Operating on an identity-centric framework, it integrates elements like Zero Trust Network Access and a global network infrastructure. While SD-WAN bolsters connection quality, SASE is designed for today's dispersed cloud landscape, guaranteeing top-tier connectivity and stringent security.
Deep dive into how SD-WAN and SASE address the challenges of modern networking in our article, SD-WAN vs. SASE: What's the Difference?.
The Future of Digital Transformation
As IT teams continue to struggle with rapid digital adoption and exponentially more data, SD-WAN solutions with integrated artificial intelligence for IT operations (AIOps) have emerged as the key to automating manual tasks. AIOps can help IT teams with anomaly detection, event correlation and root cause analysis, allowing administrators to easily pinpoint issues and speed up response times for problem remediation. SD-WAN solutions with integrated AIOps capabilities will help organizations continuously scale and simplify operations.
Learn why Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are key technologies for SD-WAN.
Next-Generation SD-WAN
Legacy SD-WAN solutions struggle with the shift to cloud adoption and high-performance bandwidth. There is a growing need for a next-generation SD-WAN solution that delivers essential branch services — such as networking, security and more — from the cloud.
A next-gen SD-WAN solution should deliver:
- Exceptional user experience
- Simplified operations
- Improved security outcomes
Find out if you need Next-Generation SD-WAN.
SD-WAN and Branch
A next-generation SD-WAN solution enables all branch services, including networking, security and voice services, to be delivered from the cloud. A secure SD-WAN connection gives organizations peace of mind that branch locations are protected from threats, provides optimal performance for end users and can deliver an ROI of up to 243%.
Learn more about securing branch networks with SD-WAN and how Prisma SD-WAN can help your branch networks.
